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\documentclass{beamer}
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\usetheme[progressbar=frametitle]{metropolis}
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% g \in G is explanation as a model
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% f is the model we're trying to explain
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% does, being model agnostic, means we do not care about specifics of f.
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% We use Locally Weighted Square Loss as L, where I suspect pi is the weight and we thus estimate the difference between the actual model
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% and our explanation, and multiply this with the proximity of the data point z, to x.
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% Spørg lige Lasse hvorfor min(L(f,g,pi_x(z)) + omega(g)) bliver intractable, når omega(g) er en konstant!
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\usepackage{setspace}
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\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
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\usepackage[sfdefault,scaled=.85]{FiraSans}
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%\usepackage{newtxsf}
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\usepackage[ruled, linesnumbered]{algorithm2e}
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\SetKwInput{kwRequire}{Require}
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\SetKw{kwExpl}{explain}
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\title{Why Should I Trust You?}
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\subtitle{Explaining the Predictions of Any Classifier}
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\author{Casper Vestergaard Kristensen \and Alexander Munch-Hansen}
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\institute{Aarhus University}
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\date{\today}
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\begin{document}
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\begin{frame}
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\titlepage
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\setbeamertemplate{section in toc}[sections numbered]
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\frametitle{Outline}
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\setstretch{0.5}
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\tableofcontents
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\end{frame}
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\section{Meta information}
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%\subsection{Authors}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Authors}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Marco Tulio Ribeiro
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\item Sameer Singh
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\item Carlos Guestrin
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%\subsection{Publishing}
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\begin{frame}[fragile]{Metropolis}
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\frametitle{Publishing}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Conference Paper, Research
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\item KDD '16 Proceedings of the 22nd ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining
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\begin{itemize}
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\item A premier interdisciplinary conference, brings together researchers and practitioners from data science, data mining, knowledge discovery, large-scale data analytics, and big data.
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\item Sigkdd has the highest h5 index of any conference involving databases or data in general
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\item Highly trusted source
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\section{Article}
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%\subsection{Problem}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Problem definition}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item People often use Machine Learning models for predictions
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\item Blindly trusting a prediction can lead to poor decision making
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\item We seek to understand the reasons behind predictions
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\begin{itemize}
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\item As well as the model doing the predictions
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\end{itemize}
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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%\subsection{Previous Solutions}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Previous Solutions}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item Relying on accuracy based on validation set
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{A look into two predictions}
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\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{graphics/christ_vs_atheism.png}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{A look into two predictions}
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\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{graphics/christ_vs_atheism_annotated_1.png}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{A look into two predictions}
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\includegraphics[scale=0.25]{graphics/christ_vs_atheism_annotated_2.png}
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\end{frame}
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\subsection{The LIME framework}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{LIME}
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\begin{itemize}
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\item The algorithm created
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\item Explains the predictions of \emph{any} classifier or regressor in a faithful way, by approximating it locally with an \emph{interpretable} model.
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\end{itemize}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Intepretability}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Fidelity}
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\end{frame}
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\subsection{Explaining Predictions}
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% \subsubsection{Examples}
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\begin{frame}
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% \frametitle{Sparse Linear Explanations}
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\frametitle{Explaining an individual prediction}
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\begin{algorithm}[H]
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\setstretch{0.9}
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\SetAlgoLined
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\kwRequire{Classifier $f$, Number of samples $N$}
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\kwRequire{Instance $x$, and its intepretable version $x^{\prime}$}
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\kwRequire{Similarity kernel $\pi_x$, Length of explanation $K$}
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\Indp
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$\mathcal{Z} \leftarrow \{\}$ \\
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\For{$i \in \{1,2,3,\dots, N\}$}{
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$z_i^{\prime} \leftarrow sample\_around(x^{\prime})$ \\
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$\mathcal{Z} \leftarrow \mathcal{Z} \cup \langle z_i^{\prime}, f(z_i), \pi_{x}(z_i) \rangle$ \\
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}
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$w \leftarrow \text{K-Lasso}(\mathcal{Z},K) \vartriangleright \text{with } z_i^{\prime} \text{ as features, } f(z) \text{ as target}$ \\
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\Return $w$
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\caption{Sparse Linear Explanations using LIME}
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\end{algorithm}
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% This algorithm approximates the minimization problem of computing a single individual explanation of a prediction.
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% K-Lasso is the procedure of learning the weights via least squares. Wtf are these weights???
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Text Classification}
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\end{frame}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Deep Networks for Images}
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\end{frame}
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\subsection{Explaining Models}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Submodular Picks}
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\begin{algorithm}[H]
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\setstretch{0.9}
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\SetAlgoLined
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\kwRequire{Instances $X$, Budget $B$}
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\Indp
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\ForAll{$x_i \in X$}{
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$W_i \leftarrow \mathbf{explain}(x_i, x_i^{\prime})$ \qquad \qquad $\vartriangleright$ Using Algorithm 1
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}
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\For{$j \in \{1\dots d^{\prime}$} {
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$I_j \leftarrow \sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^n |W_{ij}|}$ \qquad \qquad \quad $\vartriangleright$ Compute feature importances
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}
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$V \leftarrow \{\}$ \\
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\While(\qquad \qquad \qquad \quad \ \ $\vartriangleright$ Greedy optimisation of Eq 4){$|V| < B$} {
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$V \leftarrow V \cup \text{argmax}_i \ c(V \cup \{i\}, W, i)$
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}
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\Return $V$
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\caption{Submodular pick (SP) algorithm}
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\end{algorithm}
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\end{frame}
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\section{Experiments}
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%\subsection{Simulated User Experiments}
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%\subsubsection{Setup}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Setup}
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\end{frame}
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%\subsection{Human Subjects}
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\section{Conclusion}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Conclusion}
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\end{frame}
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\section{Recap}
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\begin{frame}
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\frametitle{Recap}
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\end{frame}
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\end{document}
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